Author
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Grisham, Michael |
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Submitted to: Virus Diseases of the Poaceae
Publication Type: Book / Chapter Publication Acceptance Date: 11/7/2002 Publication Date: 10/20/2004 Citation: Grisham, M.P. 2004. Sugarcane Mosaic Associated to Sorghum Mosaic Virus. In: Lapierre, H., Signoret, P., editors. Viruses and Virus Diseases of Poaceae (Gramineae). Paris: INRA. p. 707-708. Interpretive Summary: The Poaceae or grass family includes many of the most important plants to humans. They include wheat, rice, corn, sorghum, sugarcane, oats, barley, rye, millet, bamboo and numerous pasture and range grasses. The agricultural production of these plants and products derived from them can be limited by a number of diseases caused by viruses. This manuscript is a description of sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and the disease, mosaic, that it causes on sorghum and is included in the book, Viruses Diseases of Poaceae. The book which contains detailed information about all the viruses known to attack this group of plants is designed to provide plant scientists with a concise, up-to-date summary of the information known about a particular virus and the disease it causes. For example, a scientist encounters mosaic disease on sorghum. From the descriptions in the book, the scientist determines that the symptoms of mosaic may be caused by maize dwarf mosaic virus or SCMV and how to determine which virus is the cause in this situation. A scientist can also find a summary of results from research done on a closely related virus and use that information to guide his or her research. Technical Abstract: A summary of the role of sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) as a pathogen of sorghum is presented for inclusion in the book entitled Virus Diseases of Poaceae. A detailed, technical description of (SCMV) is included in another chapter in the book that describes the role of SCMV as a pathogen of sugarcane. Sugarcane mosaic virus is a definitive member of the genus Potyvirus in the family Potyviridae. The virus occurs worldwide and infects sugarcane, maize, sorghum, and other grasses in the family Gramineae. The nucleotide sequences of 3'-terminal region of the genome (approximately 2kb in length) and the amino acid sequence of the protein coat have been used to show that SCMV is one of four closely related potyviruses. The related viruses are SCMV, sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), and johnsongrass mosaic virus (JGMV). Although a number of strains of SCMV can infect sorghum, strain SCMV-MB (formerly MDMV-B) is the one most commonly infecting sorghum and causes irregular yellow to dark-green mosaic symptoms on the leaves. The virus can also cause a reddish discoloration of leaves in certain genotypes when temperatures drop below 21oC. Although SCMV-MDB and maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) cause mosaic on sorghum, of the two, only MDMV infects Johnsongrass. SCMV-MDB is the more common cause of mosaic in sorghum in the more temperate regions and at higher elevations. Virus concentration was higher among the cultivars expressing the red-leaf symptoms compared to cultivars with mosaic symptoms only. Yield loss was also greater among cultivars with red-leaf symptoms; threshing grain weights was reduced 33-75%. Mosaic of sorghum caused by SCMV-MDB is controlled by planting tolerant cultivars, tolerant cultivars expressing only a mosaic reaction. There are no reports of engineered resistance in sorghum. |
