2012 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416): 1) Improve current decision making capabilities on HC&S land by building robust data on current practices (Temple, Parlier);. 2)Create management plans to maximize yield and stability of feedstock production (Temple, Hilo);. 3)Maximize bioenergy biomass stability and yield while minimizing environmental impacts at watershed scale (Temple, Parlier, Hilo); and. 4)Improve water resource management and optimize biomass production for other production areas in the Hawaiian Islands and Pacific Basin (Temple, Hilo). 1b.Approach (from AD-416): Objective 1: Develop spatial and temporal data sets form historic data for baseline analyses. Objective 2: Simulate current management impacts on feedstock yields and resource inputs. Objective 3: Demonstrate applicability of simulation approaches with validated present practices and explore watershed scale impacts of changes. Objective 4: Improve decision support for assessment of resource conditions, and utilize parallel computing and deep hydrology water balance. Documents Reimbursable with Department of Navy. Log 43854. 3.Progress Report: The goal of this research is to develop a unified modeling framework for assessing the dependability of biomass supplies for use in the production of biofuels for the Navy. These simulation models are being developed, calibrated, and validated for use across Pacific Basin volcanic islands and globally which contributes to Objective 2 of the in-house project 5320-21610-001-00D which this project was originally established under (expired in FY2011). Excellent progress has been made in gathering parameterization data for the four key databases; weather, soils, crop parameters, and management, needed to run the ALMANAC (Agricultural Land Management with Numerical Assessment Criteria) model to evaluate best management practices (BMPs) that maximize biomass feedstock yields and associated environmental impacts. Information on the spatial and temporal variability of feedstock yields is also needed to ensure that enough biomass is produced to meet production demands. Weather – compiling of ALMANAC compatible annual weather data files for 18 HC&S stations has already been completed; Soils- ALMANAC uses the USDA NRCS SSURGO soils as input for the simulations. Crop parameters- Considerable progress has been made in compiling crop parameters for sugarcane, energycane, and Napiergrass. These parameters are based on data collected from field trials established at HC&S and include; leaf area index (LAI), light extinction coefficient (Kc), maximum crop height and rooting depth, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient uptake.