2012 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416): Principal focus of the CEAP Watershed Studies is to evaluate the effects and benefits of conservation practices at the watershed scale, in support of policy decisions and program implementation. 1b.Approach (from AD-416): The effects of conservation activities on water and soil quality will be assessed at the watershed scale using models such as ARS' Soil and Water Assessment Tool, in combination with ARS Long-term watershed data sets, expertise,a nd resources. 3.Progress Report: Efforts under the CEAP benchmark watershed project focused on developing a relational database of field specific management from historical interviews collected within the WE-38 sub catchment of the Mahantango Creek watershed (Northumberland County, PA). An SCA with Penn State’s Center for Environmental Informatics was established to leverage their expertise in developing dynamic spatial databases (see report for project 1902-13000-012-016S). Following considerable planning and vetting of data, field-specific data representing the last 5-10 years of field activities were entered into the database.