2012 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416): Develop new fire ant control products using new and existing toxicants and behavior modifying compounds. 1b.Approach (from AD-416): Identifying active compounds from plants and other natural materials in South China, which are potentially useful in managing fire ants in the United States. 3.Progress Report: Defensive compounds from two ant species from China were analyzed and identified. Monitoring of this project continues through frequent telephone and e-mail communications.