2012 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416): The objective of this project is to study genetic mechanisms that could be used to improve the nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency of turfgrasses. Plant gene pathways that have been shown to influence nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency in model plant species will be evaluated in select turfgrass germplasm. The goal is to identify turfgrass germplasm that can be utilized to develop new species and cultivars requiring less fertilizer and water. 1b.Approach (from AD-416): ARS will acquire basic genetic knowledge of nitrogen and water use efficiency in turfgrass. ARS and the Cooperator will use this information to jointly develop, through classical breeding, turfgrass germplasm with nitrogen and water use efficiency. The Cooperator will study the basic signaling mechanisms of nitrogen and water use efficiency in plants. 3.Progress Report: Plant material has been established and maintained in the greenhouse and is currently being evaluated for traits of interest.