2011 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) The objective of the proposed research is to develop new, improved sampling and IPM decision-making tools for sorghum headworm in grain sorghum in the Great Plains. The new technology will reduce sampling time, increase the reliability of IPM decision-making, and reduce producer costs (thereby increasing profits). 1b.Approach (from AD-416) The specific approach will be to: (1) intensively sample over 100 commercial grain sorghum fields in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas, and use the sampling data to develop a sequential sampling technique for headworms; (2) develop attractive, and easy to understand and use, data forms for headworm sequential sampling in grain sorghum; and (3) develop an internet-based decision support system for headworm IPM that integrates products from (1) and (2) with existing IPM information needed to sample grain sorghum fields for headworms using the new sequential sampling technique. Collaborators from each of the three states will be responsible for organizing and leading the research activities to achieve (1) in their respective state. Oklahoma State University collaborators will be responsible for accomplishing (2). Collaborators from each state will provide input into development and evaluation of the internet-based decision support system, which will be developed by USDA-ARS scientists. 3.Progress Report A total of 41 fields were sampled in Texas. The fields were distributed so that intensive sampling was accomplished in more than one sorghum-growing geographic area. In Texas, intensive sampling was done in the Corpus Christi, Tulia, and Amarillo areas. All sampling data has been entered into computer files and checked for accuracy and analyzed. Headworm numbers varied among geographic areas, but the range in densities within each area was great enough to make an accurate statistical analysis to test for potential differences in headworm spatial distribution among the areas. The ADODR monitored activities via periodic phone calls, e-mails, and brief written reports from the collaborator.