2011 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) The objective of this agreement is to define and maintain long-term cooperation between these organizations to develop and maintain the U.S. National Entomological Collection. 1b.Approach (from AD-416) The agreement supports the collaborative use and development of the National Museum of Natural History Entomological Collection for research and identifications of economic importance. Seventeen Research Scientists of the Systematic Entomology Laboratory are responsible for the management of collections that includes care and upgrading of 642 families of insects and mites consisting of over 15 million specimens. 3.Progress Report SEL uses the NMNH collections to transfer technology on moths, aphids, mites, and other insect groups by providing identification aids to regulatory personnel at ports-of-entry and state entomologists. Using these collections, we also detected and provided information on new immigrant and/or invasive species to the United States. Each year using these collections SEL scientists produce more than 50 research paper, books, and electronic publications and provide over 30,000 identifications and 8,000 URGENT identifications.