2009 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) Investigate the length of persistence of the new soft insecticides in pistachios that target navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella)and assess spray coverage. 1b.Approach (from AD-416) Pistachios will be sprayed by commercial cooperators and collected at intervals over a 30-60 day period. These pistachios will be challenged in the lab by infesting them with known numbers of eggs and assessing adult emergence. Samples will be taken from the hull and environment and analyzed to determine insecticide residue, which will be linked to the success of the bioassays. Additional experiments conducted in the field will assess insecticide coverage using sentinel eggs. Documents Trust Agreement with the California Pistachio Research Board. Log 38382. 3.Progress Report The research is ongoing at two sites in Madera County, California and will not be concluded until October 2009. Results are pending, but will be reported to the California Pistachio Research Board in an annual report.