2010 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) To evaluate vaccine adjuvants using Neospora caninum antigens in the mouse model of neosporosis. 1b.Approach (from AD-416) Neospora caninum antigens will be formulated with Pfizer adjuvants and used to immunize the mouse model (BALB/C) of neosporosis. Humoral (antibody respons) and cell-mediated immunities (T cell and cytokine response) of the immunized mice will be determined in vitro. 3.Progress Report The primary goal of this project is to experimentally select an adjuvant (a biological agent that can boost immune reactions of animals when injected together with a vaccine) that maximizes the host immunity against Neospora vaccines. The Neospora cyclophilin (NcCyP) protein was selected to be the vaccine candidate for this project. We redesigned the production strategy for this protein and NcCyP now is produced at high levels and is soluble in physiological saline which is suitable for injection. A total of 5 Pfizer-designed and -manufactured adjuvants were formulated with pure NcCyP and mice were vaccinated. The results indicated that 2 out of 5 adjuvants were highly effective in enhancing immune responses in mice. The best vaccine-adjuvant combinations will be selected for a vaccine trial in cattle. The results of this study will facilitate the production of an effective vaccine against neosporosis. The project was monitored through weekly email communications, teleconference every 2 months, and site visit once every 1-2 years.