2011 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) Develop and test new manure and fertilizer application technologies that enable better control and placement of manure and fertilizer for water and air quality protection. 1b.Approach (from AD-416) The Parties will modify existing crop sensing, precision application, and delivery technologies to improve the delivery of fertilizer and manure nutrients to crops while minimizing off site transfers of nutrients and other contaminants. Technologies will be tested via field trials at sites in Pennsylvania and Maryland that are representative of broad physiographic conditions. Technologies include crop sensor, variable rate fertilizer, and manure applicators and precision placement implements. A combination of on-station and on-farm research will be used to assess environmental and agronomic variables under a variety of cropping systems. Where possible, results will be extrapolated to broader scales by modeling. 3.Progress Report Research on agronomic and environmental impacts of manure injection was replicated at sites in Pennsylvania and New York, with new runoff plots developed at Canoga Creek Farm in New York. In New York, surface runoff and forage yield were measured as part of plot establishment. Ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions were quantified at Rock Springs, PA. Presentations and field days were held in Belleville, Ulysses, Landisville and Rock Springs, PA to transfer project information to local farmers and conservation professionals. Publications were developed for a special issue of Journal of Environmental Quality. Progress for this project was monitored by regular meetings, and near-daily phone calls and e-mail.