2011 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) The objectives include: (1) Lab scale column adsorption studies with pure ammonia gas to determine the manure and plant-based carbons with the best adsorption efficiency along with the comparative studies of commercial grade carbons. (2) Preliminary studies on the adsorption capacities of the carbons with relation to direct poultry manure emissions which are comprised primarily of ammonia. (3) Compile the data for the submission of a minimum of one peer reviewed publication. 1b.Approach (from AD-416) The objectives stated are an integral part of the project plan referenced above. This work will expedite the accomplishment of the goals stated in the plan with relation to the examination of ammonia adsorption capabilities of the manure and plant-based carbons. 3.Progress Report In collaboration with Agricultural Research Service (ARS) in Florence, SC, additional experiments were carried out to test both biochars and activated biochars made from animal waste and from wood shavings to determine their capacity for removing ammonia from air in a column study. Samples were either used as is (biochars) or received post-treatments that included both acid or base activation strategies in order to determine whether improvements in their ability to adsorb ammonia in both air and liquid streams were achieved. The results are being analyzed and a manuscript reporting the research findings is in preparation. The agreement with Georgia Southern University (GSU) will not be extended and this constitutes the final report with GSU. The progress was monitored via periodic email and phone conversations.