2005 Annual Report 4d.Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a reimbursable agreement between the ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent project 1265-13610-026-00D entitled, "INTEGRATING REMOTE SENSING, CLIMATE AND HYDROLOGY FOR EVALUATING WATER, ENERGY AND CARBON CYCLES." This research is conducted to understand the impact of soil tillage and crop residue management in potentially enhancing the rate of soil carbon sequestration. A field study was conducted during the spring at selected areas in Iowa, Illinois and Indiana to map residue levels and soil tillage practices in this part of the U.S. Corn Belt. Field survey was combined with the acquisition of multi-spectral and hyperspectral satellite-based imagery data. The data is being analyzed and the result will be a map product that categorizes three levels of residue management and fields that are managed without tillage, minimum tillage and standard cultivated fields. This data will be used to develop inputs to the soil carbon sequestration modeling effort in the laboratory.