Publications (Clicking on the reprint icon will take you to the publication reprint.)

Mechanical properties and area retention of leather dried with biaxial stretching under vacuum - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Ramos, M., Goldberg, N.M. 2010. Mechanical properties and area retention of leather dried with biaxial stretching under vacuum. Journal of Materials Science. 45(7):1889-1896.

Effects of Milling on the Fibrous Structure and Mechanical Behaviors of a Collagen Material--Leather - (Proceedings)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P. 2009. Effects of Milling on the Fibrous Structure and Mechanical Behaviors of a Collagen Material--Leather. In: Proceedings of the American Chemical Society National Meeting, Division of Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering, August 15-20, 2009, Washington, D.C. PMSE Preprints. 101:775-776.

Microscopic observations of the leather looseness and its effects on mechanical properties - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Lee, J., Cooke, P.H. 2009. Microscopic observations of the leather looseness and its effects on mechanical properties. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 104(7):230-236.

Evaluation of Degreasers as Brine Curing Additives - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hernandez Balada, E., Marmer, W.N., Cooke, P.H., Phillips, J.G. 2009. Evaluation of Degreasers as Brine Curing Additives. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 104(5):169-176.

Leather Coated with Mixtures of Humectant and Antioxidants to Improve UV and Heat Resistance - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Ramos, M., Latona, N.P., Latona, R.J. 2009. Leather Coated with Mixtures of Humectant and Antioxidants to Improve UV and Heat Resistance. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 104(5):161-168.

Composite Drying with Simultaneous Vacuum and Toggling - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Liu, L.S., Latona, N.P., Goldberg, N.M., Cooke, P.H. 2009. Composite Drying with Simultaneous Vacuum and Toggling. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 104(4):131-138.

Effects of Antioxidants on Polymeric Coatings for a Fibrous Collagen Material: Leather - (Proceedings)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Cooke, P.H. 2008. Effects of Antioxidants on Polymeric Coatings for a Fibrous Collagen Material: Leather. Proceedings of American Chemical Society, Division of Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering. PMSE Preprints. 99:29-30.

Enzymatic Dehairing of Cattlehide with an Alkaline Protease Isolated from Aspergillus tamarii - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Anandan, D., Marmer, W.N., Dudley, R.L. 2008. Enzymatic Dehairing of Cattlehide with an Alkaline Protease Isolated from Aspergillus tamarii. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 103(10):338-344.

Identification of Decorin and other Proteins in Bovine Hide during its Processing into Leather - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Ramos, M., Latona, R.J., Fortis, L.L., Marmer, W.N. 2008. Identification of Decorin and other Proteins in Bovine Hide during its Processing into Leather. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 103(10):324-329.

Airborne Ultrasonics for Nondestructive Evaluation of Leather Quality - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Godinez-Azcuaga, V.F., Latona, N.P., Hanson, M., Ozevin, D. 2008. Airborne Ultrasonics for Nondestructive Evaluation of Leather Quality. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 103(7):209:214.

Polymeric Coatings Containing Antioxidants to Improve UV- and Heat Resistance of Chrome-Free Leather - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Dimaio, G.L., Cooke, P.H. 2008. Polymeric Coatings Containing Antioxidants to Improve UV and Heat Resistance of Chrome-Free Leather. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 103(6):167-175.

Mathematical Model of Raw Hide Curing with Brine - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hernandez Balada, E., Marmer, W.N., Kolomaznik, K., Cooke, P.H., Dudley, R.L. 2008. Mathematical Model of Raw Hide Curing with Brine. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 103(5):167-173.

New Acoustic Methods for Nondestructive Evaluation of Leather Quality - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Godinez-Azcuaga, V.F., Latona, N.P., Hanson, M., Finlayson, R.D. 2008. New Acoustic Methods for Nondestructive Evaluation of Leather Quality. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 103(3):89-127.

Monitoring of Available Decorin in Different Parts of Bovine Hide during its Processing into Leather - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Ramos, M., Latona, R.J., Marmer, W.N. 2007. Monitoring of Available Decorin in Different Parts of Bovine Hide during its Processing into Leather. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 102(12):404-407.

Alternatives to Sulfide Dehairing: Use of Oxidative Agents - (Proceedings)

Marmer, W.N., Dudley, R.L. 2007. Alternatives to Sulfide Dehairing: Use of Oxidative Agents. In: Proceedings of International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies and American Leather Chemists Association Conference, June 20-24, 2007, Washington, D.C. 2007 CDROM.

Modeling of Salt Diffusion in Raw Hide: An Optimization of the Curing Process - (Proceedings)

Hernandez Balada, E., Marmer, W.N., Kolomaznik, K., Dudley, R.L. 2007. Modeling of Salt Diffusion in Raw Hide: An Optimization of the Curing Process. In: Proceedings of International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies and American Leather Chemists Association Conference, June 20-24, 2007, Washington, D.C. 2007 CDROM.

Oxidative dehairing: To relime or not to relime - (Proceedings)

Marmer, W.N., Dudley, R.L. 2007. Oxidative dehairing: To relime or not to relime. In: Proceedings of International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies and American Leather Chemists Association Conference, June 20-24, 2007, Washington, D.C. 2007 CDROM.

Hysteresis and Stress Relaxation Studies for a Fibrous Collagen Material: Chrome-free Leather - (Proceedings)

Liu, C. 2007. Hysteresis and Stress Relaxation Studies for a Fibrous Collagen Material: Chrome-free Leather. American Chemical Society, Division of Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering. PMSE Preprints. 97:905-906.

Monitoring of Available Decorin in Different Parts of Bovine Hide during its Processing into Leather - (Proceedings)

Ramos, M., Latona, R.J., Marmer, W.N. 2007. Monitoring of Available Decorin in Different Parts of Bovine Hide during its Processing into Leather. In: Proceedings of International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies and American Leather Chemists Association Conference, June 20-24, 2007, Washington, D.C. 2007 CDROM.

Drying Chrome-free Leather using a Combination of Vacuum and Toggling - (Proceedings)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Dimaio, G.L., Cooke, P.H. 2007. Drying Chrome-free Leather using a Combination of Vacuum and Toggling. In: Proceedings of International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies and American Leather Chemists Association Conference, June 20-24, 2007, Washington, D.C. 2007 CDROM.

Viscoelasticity Studies for Chrome-Free Leather - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Dimaio, G.L., Cooke, P.H. 2007. Viscoelasticity Studies for Chrome-Free Leather. Journal of Materials Science. 42:8509-8516.

Removal of Available Decorin Core-Protein from Powdered Bovine Hide by Treatments used to Process Intact Hides into Leather - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Mozersky, S.M., Latona, R.J., Marmer, W.N. 2007. Removal of Available Decorin Core-Protein from Powdered Bovine Hide by Treatments used to Process Intact Hides into Leather. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 102(7):222-226.

Milling Effects on Mechanical Behaviors of Leather - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Dimaio, G.L., Cooke, P.H. 2007. Milling Effects on Mechanical Behaviors of Leather. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 102(6):191-197.

HIGH-LEVEL CELLULAR PROTEASE PRODUCTION BY ASPERGILLUS TAMARII NRRL 20818 USING SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Anandan, D., Marmer, W.N., Dudley, R.L. 2007. High-level cellular protease production by aspergillus tamarii NRRL 20818 using solid-state fermentation. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. 34:339-347.

Drying Chrome-free Leather Using a Combination of Vacuum and Toggling - (Abstract Only)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Cooke, P.H., Dimaio, G.L. 2007. Drying Chrome-free Leather Using a Combination of Vacuum and Toggling [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. p. 37.

Modeling of salt diffusion in raw hide: an optimization of the curing process - (Abstract Only)

Hernandez, E., Marmer, W.N., Kolomaznik, K., Dudley, R.L. 2007. Modeling of salt diffusion in raw hide: an optimization of the curing process [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. p. 7.

Alternatives to Sulfide Dehairing: Use of Oxidative Agents - (Abstract Only)

Marmer, W.N., Dudley, R.L. 2007. Alternatives to Sulfide Dehairing: Use of Oxidative Agents [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. p. 21

Oxidative dehairing: To relime or not to relime? - (Abstract Only)

Dudley, R.L., Marmer, W.N. 2007. Oxidative dehairing: To relime or not to relime? [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. p. 35.

Nondestructive Evaluation of Leather Quality by Means of Acoustic Emission and Airborne Ultrasonics - (Abstract Only)

Godinez, V., Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Hanson, M., Finlayson, R.D. 2007. Nondestructive Evaluation of Leather Quality by Means of Acoustic Emission and Airborne Ultrasonics [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. p. 34.

EFFECTS OF DRYING PROCESSES AND FATLIQUORING ON RESILIENCY OF LEATHER - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Cooke, P.H. 2007. Effects of drying processes and fatliquoring on resiliency of leather. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 102(2):68-74.

THE OXIDATIVE DEGRADATION OF KERATIN (WOOL AND BOVINE HAIR) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Marmer, W.N., Dudley, R.L. 2006. The Oxidative Degradation of Keratin (Wool and Bovine Hair). Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 101(11):408-415.

REMOVAL OF DECORIN CORE-PROTEIN FROM POWDERED BOVINE HIDES BY TREATMENTS USED TO PROCESS INTACT HIDES INTO LEATHER - (Abstract Only)

Mozersky, S.M., Latona, R.J., Marmer, W.N. 2006. Removal of decorin core-protein from powdered bovine hides by treatments used to process intact hides into leather [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. p. 27.

ENZYMATIC DEHAIRING OF CATTLE HIDE WITH AN ALKALINE PROTEASE ISOLATED FROM ASPERGILLUS TAMARII - (Abstract Only)

Marmer, W.N., Anandan, D., Dudley, R.L. 2006. Enzymatic dehairing of cattle hide with an alkaline protease isolated from aspergillus tamarii [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. p. 14.

ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON CHROME-FREE LEATHER - (Abstract Only)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Ashby, R.D., Ding, K. 2006. Environmental effects on chrome-free leather [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. p. 13.

RECENT PROGRESS ON ACOUSTIC METHODS FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF LEATHER QUALITY - (Abstract Only)

Godinez-Azcuaga, V.F., Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Hanson, M., Finlayson, R.D. 2006. Recent progress on acoustic methods for nondestructive evaluation of leather quality [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. p. 21.

ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON CHROME-FREE LEATHER - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Ashby, R.D., Ding, K. 2006. Environmental Effects on Chrome-free Leather. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 101(10):368-375.

RAPID OXIDATIVE DEHAIRING WITH MAGNESIUM PEROXIDE AND POTASSIUM PEROXYMONOSULFATE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Gehring, A.G., Dudley, R.L., Mazenko, C.E., Marmer, W.N. 2006. Rapid oxidative dehairing with magnesium peroxide and potassium peroxymonosulfate. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 101(9):324-329.

EFFECTS OF STRETCHING AND DRYING RATE ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CHROME-FREE LEATHER - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Cooke, P.H. 2006. Effects of stretching and drying rate on the mechanical properties of chrome-free leather. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 101(9):330-335.

FIBROUS COLLAGEN MATERIAL: LEATHER TREATED WITH TOCOPHEROL - (Proceedings)

Liu, C. 2005. Fibrous collagen material: leather treated with tocopherol. In: The Fiber Society, Fall 2005 Annual Meeting and Technical Conference, Fiber Science - The Next Generation. October 17-19, 2005, Newark, New Jersey. p. 65-66.

HIDES TO LEATHER: STUDIES ON DEHAIRING, PROTEOGLYCANS, APPLICATIONS OF WASTE PROTEINS, DRYING, AND NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF LEATHER - (Abstract Only)

Marmer, W.N., Brown, E.M., Liu, C., Mozersky, S.M., Taylor, M.M. 2005. Hides to leather: studies on dehairing, proteoglycans, applications of waste proteins, drying, and nondestructive testing of leather. Program No. 370 [CD-ROM]. 2005 Abstract Viewer. Honolulu, Hawaii: International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies.

CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERIC COATINGS USING ACOUSTIC EMISSION TECHNIQUES - (Proceedings)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P. 2005. Characterization of polymeric coatings using acoustic emission techniques. American Chemical Society, Division of Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering. PMSE Preprints. 97:905-906.

RAPID OXIDATIVE DEHAIRING: DEGRADATION OF HAIR, KERATIN, AND CYSTINE - (Abstract Only)

Marmer, W.N., Dudley, R.L. 2005. Rapid oxidative dehairing: degradation of hair, keratin, and cystine [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. Paper No. 3.

NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING USING ROTATIONAL AE SENSORS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Dimaio, G.L., Godinez, V., Finlayson, R.D., Hanson, M. 2005. Nondestructive testing using rotational ae sensors. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 100(11):438-446.

THE RELATIVE PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF PANCREATIC BATE IN MEDIA OF LOW AND HIGH SALT CONTENT - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Mozersky, S.M., Wildermuth, R.J., Marmer, W.N. 2005. The relative proteolytic activity of pancreatic bate in media of low and high salt content. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 100(10):396-400.

OXIDATIVE DEHAIRING BY SODIUM PERCARBONATE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Marmer, W.N., Dudley, R.L. 2005. Oxidative dehairing by sodium percarbonate. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 100(11):427-431.

LUBRICATION OF LEATHER WITH MIXTURES OF POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL AND OIL - (Abstract Only)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P. 2005. Lubrication of leather with mixtures of polyethylene glycol and oil [abstract]. American Leather Chemists Association Meeting. Paper No. 10.

RAPID OXIDATIVE DEHAIRING USING ALKALINE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND POTASSIUM CYANATE: REUSE OF THE DEHAIRING REAGENTS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Marmer, W.N., Dudley, R.L. 2005. Rapid oxidative dehairing using alkaline hydrogen peroxide and potassium cyanate: reuse of the dehairing reagents. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 100(5):165-173.

GLUTARALDEHYDE-TANNED LEATHER TREATED WITH TOCOPHEROL - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Liu, C., Latona, N.P., Lee, J. 2005. Glutaraldehyde-tanned leather treated with tocopherol. Journal of American Leather Chemists Association. 100(3):102-110.