2007 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) Conduct yearly, accurate nationwide data collection of food intakes and related behavior of the U.S. population, and analyze and disseminate survey data. Expand usability of the USDA Dietary Intake Data System and its components to the research community. Maintain the USDA Dietary Survey Databases to reflect the U.S. food supply and release periodic versions. 1b.Approach (from AD-416) The research approach is to maintain and enhance the components of the USDA Dietary Intake Data System to assure that the dietary collection method, the USDA Automated Multiple Pass Method (AMPM), and the supporting systems and databases result in the collection of dietary data that are scientifically sound, accurate, and valid. The USDA AMPM is being used to collect 10,000 dietary recalls yearly in the What We Eat in America Survey, the dietary component of NHANES. The Food Surveys Research Group has lead responsibility for not only the dietary collection, but also the data processing and release. The numerous applications developed as part of the USDA Dietary Intake Data System for data collection and processing will be continuously maintained and updated, and wherever possible, adapted for use by the nutrition research community. 3.Progress Report National Survey Data on Dietary Intakes of Americans Prepared for Release: Through an ongoing collaboration with the National Center for Health Statistics, DHHS, the Food Surveys Research Group (FSRG) has the leadership role for dietary data collection and processing of What We Eat in America (WWEIA), NHANES. FSRG is supporting collection and coding of a second 24-hour recall to the sample; this is the sixth successful year of that agreement. Internet release of WWEIA, NHANES 2005-2006 dietary data is on schedule for 2008, providing the third release of national dietary data from this interdepartmental research collaboration. The new data will provide information on dietary intakes of Americans based on 24-hour dietary recalls from just over 9,000 individuals, weighted to be representative of the U.S. population. Along with the 2005-2006 dietary intake data, the Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS), 3.0 has been prepared for release. The FNDDS is the technical database used for analyzing dietary intakes from WWEIA that is made available to nutrition researchers for use in dietary studies. The third release will include a 64-nutrient profile for each of more than 13,000 foods typically eaten in the U.S. The nutrient values for FNDDS 3.0 were derived from the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 20, maintained by the Nutrient Data Laboratory. Both WWEIA, NHANES 2003-2004 and FNDDS 3.0 will be accessible from http://www.ars.usda.gov/ba/bhnrc/fsrg. USDA AMPM Collabaorations with Research Community: Extending the USDA Automated Multiple Pass Method (AMPM), the automated 24-hour dietary recall instrument, and its companion materials and components to the research community beyond NHANES for their use in research studies continues to be an important endeavor for FSRG. Collaborations are ongoing with three research organizations, including the National Institute on Aging, Research Triangle Institute, and Johns Hopkins University. Significant Resources: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 2007. Breakfast in America, 2001-2002. Available: http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/12355000/pdf/Breakfast_2001_2002.pdf (Additional details described in Accomplishments.) Ingwersen, L. 2006. How much we eat in America – experiences estimating food intake [session 211]. ADA 2006 Food and Nutrition Conference & Expo. CD-ROM Day 3. Available: http://www.softconference.com/260916. Bodner-Montville, J. 2006. How much we eat in America—experiences estimating food intake: Translating food portions into nutrients [session 211]. ADA 2006 Food and Nutrition Conference & Expo. CD-ROM Day 3. Available: http://www.softconference.com/260916. 4.Accomplishments Breakfast in America, 2001-2002: Research has shown that breakfast has important benefits in terms of improved concentration, increased productivity, and maintaining a healthy body weight. A report was published that provides national estimates for 2001-2002 on demographic characteristics of breakfast eaters, examines nutrient contributions of breakfast to the average U.S. diet, and identifies top reported breakfast foods and beverages. The information was provided in a factsheet and in 12 data tables summarizing nutrient intakes and breakfast eating in particular for 21 gender/age groups by various demographic characteristics. This study found that 80 percent of Americans consumed breakfast on any given day. Breakfasts provided proportionately more of most vitamins and minerals than of energy (as kilocalories), providing from 17-30 percent of mean daily nutrient intakes. Nutrients included fiber (17 percent), calcium (23 percent), vitamin C (24 percent), vitamin A (28 percent), and folate (30 percent). Breakfast is an important meal that markedly contributes to the overall quality of American diets. Such information has broad applications in forming nutrition policy and programs. This accomplishment addresses National Program 107 Action Plan Component 3: Nutrition Monitoring. USDA AMPM Collaborations with Research Community: Extending the USDA Automated Multiple Pass Method (AMPM), the automated 24-hour dietary recall instrument, and its companion materials and components to the research community beyond NHANES were realized with the establishment of a research collaboration with the University of Puerto Rico and their Study of Social Environment and Family Factors Associated to Childhood Obesity Among Elementary School Students from Public and Private School in Cayey School District in Puerto Rico. As part of this collaboration, the Food Surveys Research Group provided the USDA Dietary Intake System, including the AMPM and SurveyNet, the computer-based food coding and analysis system while nutritionists at the University of Puerto Rico have evaluated the recipes for Puerto Rican foods reported in What We Eat in America, NHANES and made recommendations for updates. This accomplishment addresses National Program 107 Action Plan Component 3: Nutrition Monitoring. 5.Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations Collaboration in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span Study (HANDLS). The primary objective of HANDLS is to create a representative 20-year longitudinal study across the lifespan focused on investigating the differential influences of race and socio-economic status on health. The study sample includes white and African Americans 30-64 years of age from both low and high socio-economic strata residing in Baltimore City, Maryland. Anticipating attrition rates over the life of the study, the initial sample is 4,000 participants. Food Surveys Research Group (FSRG) scientists have collaborated on the dietary component of HANDLS providing scientific and technical support for the successful launch of dietary data collection that began in the fall of 2005. Numerous training sessions were conducted for HANDLS staff on the use of the USDA Automated Multiple Pass Method for collection of 24-hour recalls and SurveyNet for coding and analysis of dietary intake data. Once dietary data collection was underway, FSRG scientists have provided technical oversight of the data processing steps and systems, assuring data quality and integrity. 6.Technology Transfer Number of web sites managed 1 Number of non-peer reviewed presentations and proceedings 23 Review Publications Paul, D.R., Kramer, M.H., Moshfegh, A.J., Baer, D.J., Rumpler, W.V. 2007. Comparison of two different physical activity monitors. BMC Medical Research Methodology. 7:(26). Available: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2288/7/26. Sebastian, R.S., Cleveland, L.E., Goldman, J.D., Moshfegh, A.J. 2007. Older adults who use vitamin/mineral supplements differ from nonusers in nutrient intake adequacy and dietary attitudes. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 107(8):1322-1332.