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Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture
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Lyndel Meinhardt, Research Leader
Bryan Bailey
V.C. Baligar
Fernando Vega
Dapeng Zhang
Ron Collins
Sue Mischke
 

Virupax Baligar
Sustainable Perennial Crops
Research Soil Scientist

Phone: (301) 504-6492
Fax: (301) 504-5823
Room 225
10300 BALTIMORE AVENUE
BLDG 001 BARC-WEST
BELTSVILLE, MD, 20705-2350

Projects
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE COFFEE BERRY BORER
Appropriated (D)
  Accession Number: 409873
CACAO GENOTYPIC RESPONSE TO ABIOTIC STRESSES, MANAGEMENT AND SOIL QUALITY AND THE ACQUISITION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CACAO GERMPLASM
Specific Cooperative Agreement (S)
  Accession Number: 413253
EVALUATION OF SOIL QUALITY PARAMETERS (SQP) IN TROPICAL SOILS AND ASSESSMENT OF ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION IN TROPICAL CROPS
Specific Cooperative Agreement (S)
  Accession Number: 409164
DEVELOP EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR TROPICAL TREE CROPS AND ASSESS GERMPLASM AND BIOCONTROL AGENTS TO IMPROVE CACAO SUSTAINABILITY
Specific Cooperative Agreement (S)
  Accession Number: 412159

Publications
Establishment of five cover crops and total soil nutrient extraction in a humid tropical soil in the Peruvian Amazon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Puertas, F., Arevalo, E., Zuniga, L., Alegre, J., Loli, O., Soplin, H., Baligar, V.C. 2008. Establishment of five cover crops and total soil nutrient extraction in a humid tropical soil in the Peruvian Amazon. Ecologia Aplicada. 7:23-28.
Soil and litter fauna of cacao agroforestry systems in Bahia, Brazil - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Silva Moco, M.K., Gama-Rodrigues, E.F., Gama-Rodrigues, A.C., Machado, V.C., Baligar, V.C. 2009. Soil and litter fauna of cacao agroforestry systems in Bahia, Brazil. Agroforestry Systems. 76:127-138.
The occurrence and frequency of Witches¿ Broom Disease associated with Wild Cacao from the Upper Amazon of Peru - (Abstract)
Arevalo, E.G., Marquez, D.K., Samuels, G.J., Zhang, D., Robles, R., Arevalo, J., Barreto, A., Alvardo, C., Baligar, V.C., Meinhardt, L.W. 2008. The occurrence and frequency of Witches¿ Broom Disease associated with Wild Cacao from the Upper Amazon of Peru. XX Congress Peruano de Fitopatologia 2008. Meeting Abstract. #58.
Ameliorating soil acidity of tropical Oxisols by liming for sustainable crop production - (Book/Chapter)
Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C. 2008. Ameliorating soil acidity of tropical oxisols by liming for sustainable crop production. Advances in Agronomy. 99:345-399.
Photosynthetic photon flux density, carbon dioxide concentration, and vapor pressure deficit effects on photosynthesis in cacao seedlings - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Baligar, V.C., Bunce, J.A., Machado, R.R., Elson, M.K. 2008. Photosynthetic photon flux density, carbon dioxide concentration, and vapor pressure deficit effects on photosynthesis in cacao seedlings. Photosynthetica. 46:216-221.
POPULATION OF HELICOTYLENCHUS sp AND APHELENCHUS sp NEMATODES IN THE RHIZOSPHERE OF CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.) UNDER TRADITIONAL AND IMPROVED FOREST MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS - (Proceedings/Symposium)
Arevalo, G.E., Canto, M., Baligar, V.C., Zuniga, C.L., Marquez, D.K. 2007. Population of helicotylenchus sp and aphelenchus sp nematodes in the rhizosphere of cacao (theobroma cacao l.) under traditional and improved forest management systems. Biodiversity of Soil International Conference Proceedings. 9.29.2007.
DYNAMICS OF FUNGAL POPULATION IN THE RHIZOSPHERE OF CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.) GROWN UNDER TRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN PERU - (Proceedings/Symposium)
Arevalo, G.E., Zuniga, C.L., Baligar, V.C. 2007. Dynamics of fungal population in the rhizosphere of cacao (theobroma cacao l.) grown under traditional management system in peru. Biodiversity of Soil International Conference Proceedings. 9.29.2007.
DYNAMICS OF NEMATODE POPULATIONS IN CACAO GROWN UNDER TRADIONALLY SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT IN PERUVIAN AMAZON - (Proceedings/Symposium)
Arevalo, G.E., Zuniga, C.L., Baligar, V.C., Canto, S.M. 2007. Dynamics of nematode populations in cacao grown under tradionally system of management in peruvian amazon. Biodiversity of Soil International Conference Proceedings. 9.29.2007.
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF FUNGA, NEMATODE, BACTERIA AND ALGAL POPULATION IN A SOIL OF MAZON REGION OF PERU - (Proceedings/Symposium)
Arevalo, G.E., Zuniga, C.L., Baligar, V.C., Canto, S.M. 2007. Population dynamics of funga, nematode, bacteria and algal population in a soil of mazon region of peru. Biodiversity of Soil International Conference Proceedings. 9.29.2007.
FUNGUS INDEX AND RESIDUAL EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES IN ACID AND ALKALINE SOILS - (Proceedings/Symposium)
Arevalo, G.E., Helling, C.S., Marquez, D.K., Zuniga, C.L., Baligar, V.C. 2007. Fungus index and residual effects of pesticides in acid and alkaline soils. Biodiversity of Soil International Conference Proceedings. 9.29.2007.
Differential Soil Acidity Tolerance of Tropical Legume Cover Crops - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Fageria, N., Baligar, V.C., Li, Y. 2009. Differential Soil Acidity Tolerance of Tropical Legume Cover Crops. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 40:1148-1160.
YEILD NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AS INFLUENCED BY LIMING AND BORON APPLICATION IN COMMON BEAN IN NOTILAGE SYSTEM - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C., Zobel, R.W. 2007. Yeild nutrient uptake and soil chemical properties as influenced by liming and boron application in common bean in notilage system. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 38:1-17.
Fine root diameters can change in response to changes in nutrient concentrations. - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zobel, R.W., Baligar, V.C., Kinraide, T.B. 2007. Fine root diameters can change in response to changes in nutrient concentrations. Plant and Soil Journal. 297:243-254.
The Role of Nutrient Efficient Plants in Improving Crop Yields in the Twenty First Century - (Review Article)
Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C., Li, Y. 2008. The Role of Nutrient Efficient Plants in Improving Crop Yields in the Twenty First Century. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 31:1121-1151.
Organic amendment effects on the transformation and fractionation of aluminum in acidic sandy soil - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Vieira, F.C., He, Z.L., Bayer, C., Stoffella, P.J., Baligar, V.C. 2008. Organic amendment effects on the transformation and fractionation of aluminum in acidic sand soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 39:2678-2694.
Response of representative cover crops to aluminum toxicity, phosphorus deprivation, and organic amendment - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Vieira, F.C., He, Z.L., Wislon, P.C., Bayer, C., Stoffella, P.J., Baligar, V.C. 2008. Response of representative cover crops to aluminum toxicity, phosphorus deprivation, and organic amendment. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 59:52-6.
Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cacao Genotypes - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Ribero, M.A., Silva, J.O., Aitken, W.M., Machado, R.C., Baligar, V.C. 2008. Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cacao Genotypes. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 31:239-249.
AGRONOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF TROPICAL COVER CROPS - (Review Article)
Baligar, V.C., Fageria, N.K. 2007. Agronomy and physiology of tropical cover crops. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 30:1287-1339.
CONCENTRATION AND UPTAKE OF P,ZN AND FE AS INFLUENCED BY SOIL ACIDITY, AND LEVELS AND FORMS OF N,P AND FE IN CACAO - (Abstract)
Baligar, V.C., Fageria, N.K., Machado, R.C., Meinhardt, L.W. 2006. Concentration and uptake of p,zn and fe as influenced by soil acidity, and levels and forms of n,p and fe in cacao. Proceedings of the International Cocoa Producer's Conference. 10.09.06
CHARACTERIZATION OF SOIL AND LITTER FAUNA IN DIFFERENT COCOA AGROECOSYSTEMS - (Proceedings/Symposium)
Kellen, M., Forestieri, E., Carlos, A., Rebouça Machado, R., Baligar, V.C. Characterization of soil and litter fauna in different cocoa agroecosystems. Proceedings of the International Cocoa Producer's Conference. 10.14.2006
Light Intensity Effects on Growth and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Tropical Legume Cover Crops - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Baligar, V.C., Fageria, N.K., Paiva, A., Silveira, A., Souza, Jr., J.O., Lucena, E., Faria, J.C., Cabral, R., Pomella, A.W., Jorda, Jr., J. 2009. Light Intensity Effects on Growth and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Tropical Legume Cover Crops. Agroforestry Systems. 4:67-70.
LIGHT INTENSITY EFFECTS ON GROWTH AND MICRONUTRIENT UPTAKE BY TROPICAL LEGUME COVER CROPS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Baligar, V.C., Fageria, N.K., Paiva, A.Q., Silveria, A., Pomella, A., Machado, R. 2006. Light intensity effects on growth and micronutrient uptake by tropical legume cover crops. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 29:1959-1974.
SOIL ACIDITY (AL) IMPACT ON NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY AND YIELD SUSTAINABILITY OF CROPS - (Abstract)
Baligar, V.C., Fageria, N.K. 2006. Soil acidity (al) impact on nutrient use efficiency and yield sustainability of crops. World Congress of Soil Science.
MECHANISMS OF NICKEL UPTAKE AND HYPERACCUMULATON BY THE PLANTS AND IMPLICATION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION - (Abstract)
Baligar, V.C., Lu, L.L., Yang, X.E. 2005. Mechanisms of nickel uptake and hyperaccumulaton by the plants and implication to phytoremediation. Proceedings of the Phytoremediation Conference.
ROLE OF COVER CROPS IN IMPROVING SOIL AND ROW CROPS PRODUCTIVITY - (Review Article)
Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C., Bailey, B.A. 2005. Role of cover crops in improving soil and row crops productivity. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 36:2733-2757.
ALUMINUM INFLUENCE ON GROWTH AND UPTAKE OF MICRONUTRIENTS BY CACAO. - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Baligar, V.C., Fageria, N.K. 2005. Aluminum influence on growth and uptake of micronutrients by cacao.. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition (SSPN). 151:7009-7013.
CO2 AND LIGHT INTENSITY ON GROWTH AND MACRONUTRIENT UPTAKE OF CACAO GENOTYPES. - (Abstract)
Baligar, V.C., Fageria, N., Bunce, J., Machado, R. 2005. Co2 and light intensity on growth and macronutrient uptake of cacao genotypes. American Society of Agronomy. Abstract
ENHANCING NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY IN CROP PLANTS. - (Book/Chapter)
Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C. 2005. Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants. Advances in Agronomy. 88:97-185.
ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN SOIL INFLUENCED BY LEVELS OF APPLIED SULFUR AND PHOSPHOROUS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Baligar, V.C., Wright, R.J., Hern, J.L. Enzyme activities in soil influenced by levels of applied sulfur and phosphorous. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 36(1-9): 1727-1735.
SURFACE RUNOFF PHOSPHOROUS (P) LOSS IN RELATION TO PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY AND SOIL P FRACTIONS IN FLORIDA SANDY SOILS UNDER CITRUS PRODUCTION - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yu, S., He, Z.L., Stoffella, P.J., Calvert, D.V., Yang, X.E., Banks, D.J., Baligar, V.C. 2006. Surface runoff phosphorous (p) loss in relation to phosphatase activity and soil p fractions in florida sandy soils under citrus production. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 38:619-628.
SOIL ALUMINUM INFLUENCE ON GROWTH AND UPTAKE OF MICRONUTRIENTS BY CACAO - (Abstract)
Baligar, V.C., Fageria, N.K. 2005. Soil aluminum influence on growth and uptake of micronutrients by cacao. Meeting Abstract.
RESPONSE OF MYCORRHIZAL SWITCHGRASS TO PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS IN ACID SOIL - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Clark, R.B., Baligar, V.C., Zobel, R.W. 2005. Response of mycorrhizal switchgrass to phosphorus fractions in acid soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 36(9-10): 1337-1359.
PHYSIOLOGY OF CROP PRODUCTION - (Book/Chapter)
Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C., Clark, R.B. 2006. Physiology of crop production. Haworth Press. 345 pages.
CARBON DIOXIDE AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHOTON FLUX DENSITY EFFECTS ON GROWTH AND MINERAL UPTAKE PARAMETERS OF CACAO - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Baligar, V.C., Bunce, J.A., Bailey, B.A., Machado, R.C., Pomella, A.W. 2004. Carbon dioxide and photosynthetic photon flux density effects on growth and mineral uptake parameters of cacao. Journal of Food Agriculture and the Environment 3:142-147.
EFFECT OF SOIL PH ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF HETERODERA GLYCINES AND MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA ON GLYCINE MAX GENOTYPES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Melakeberhan, H., Dey, J., Baligar, V.C., Carter Jr, T.E. 2005. Genetic diversity among four erythroxylum taxa assessed by aflp. Nematology, 6:585-592.
SOIL ACIDITY EFFECTS ON GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF CACAO - (Peer Reviewed Journal) - (29-Mar-04)
SOIL ACIDITY EFFECTS ON GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF CACAO - (Abstract)
Baligar, V.C., Fageria, N.K. 2004. Soil acidity effects on growth and nutrition of cacao[abstract]. 6th International Symposium Soil-Plant Interactions at Low Ph - Sendai, Japan.
NATURE AND PROPERTIES OF RED SOILS OF THE WORLD - (Book/Chapter)
Baligar, V.C., Faberia, N.K., Eswaran, H., Wilson, M.J., He, Z.L. 2004. Nature and properties of red soils of the world. The Red Soils of China: Their Nature, Management and Utilization. The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publications. p. 5-30.
RESPONSE OF UPLAND RICE GENOTYPES TO SOIL ACIDITY - (Book/Chapter)
Fageria, N.K., Castro, E.M., Baligar, V.C. 2004. Response of upland rice genotypes to soil acidity. The Red Soils of China: Their Nature, Management and Utilization. The Netherlands. Kluwer Academic Publications. p. 233-252.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND GENETIC ASPECTS OF PLANT ADAPTATION TO ELEMENTAL STRESSES IN ACID SOILS - (Book/Chapter)
Yang, X., Wang, W., Zhenqian, Y., Zhenli, H., Baligar, V.C. 2004. Physiological and genetic aspects of plant adaptation to elemental stresses in acid soils. In: wilson, J. He, Z., Yang, X. The Red Soils of China: Their Nature, Management and Utilization. The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publications. p. 179-232.
LIGHT INTENSITY EFFECTS ON GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND USE EFFICIENCY OF ERECT LEGUMINOUS COVER CROPS - (Abstract)
Baligar, V.C., Olimpio, J., Paiva, A., Silveria, A., Lucena, E., Faria, J.C., Cabral, R., Pomella, A., Jorda, Jr., J. 2004. Light intensity effects on growth and nutrient uptake and use efficiency of erect leguminous cover crops[abstract]. World Agroforestry Congress.
PROPERTIES OF TERMITE MOUND SOILS AND RESPONSES OF RICE AND BEAN TO N, P, AND K FERTILIZATION ON SUCH SOIL. - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C. 2004. Properties of termite mound soils and responses of rice and bean to n, p, and k fertilization on such soil.. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 35:15-16.
FORMS AND LEVELS OF N ON GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF CACAO - (Abstract)
Baligar, V.C., Bunce, J.A., Johnson, E.L., Sicher Jr, R.C., Bailey, B.A. 2003. Forms and levels of n on growth and nutrition of cacao [abstract]. American Society of Agronomy Meetings.p. 28.
CO2 AND LIGHT INTENSITY EFFECTS ON GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF CACAO - (Abstract)
Baligar, V.C., Bunce, J.A. 2003. Co2 and light intensity effects on growth and nutrition of cacao [abstract]. American Society Of Horticulture Science Meeting.38(5)811.
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT FOR IMPROVING LOWLAND RICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SUSTAINABILITY - (Book/Chapter)
Fageria, N.K., Slaton, N.A., Baligar, V.C. 2003. Nutrient management for improving lowland rice productivity and sustainability. In: Sparks, D. L., editor. Advances in Agronomy. New York: Academic Press. 88:63-152.
RESPONSE OF UPLAND RICE GENOTYPES TO SOIL ACIDITY - (Proceedings/Symposium) - (02-Nov-02)
MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS OF FORAGE LEGUMES AND GRASSES GROWN IN ACIDIC SOIL AMENDED WITH FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION PRODUCTS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Clark, R.B., Baligar, V.C. 2003. Mineral concentrations of forage legumes and grasses grown in acidic soil amended with flue gas desulfurization products. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 34:1681-1707
METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATION OF LOWLAND RICE GENOTYPES FOR NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY - (Review Article)
Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C. 2003. Methodology for evaluation of lowland rice genotypes for nitrogen use efficiency. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 26:1315-1333.
UPLAND RICE AND ALLELOPATHY - (Review Article) - (17-Jul-02)

   
 
Last Modified: 11/25/2009
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