Scientist uses Material Transfer Agreements (MTAs) when there is a need to transfer material (provide to or receive from) to an organization outside ARS. MTAs are used to maintain control over the material, and avoid public disclosure.

An MTA agreement states specifically what the material is, what it can be used for, restricts giving it to a third party without permission, and prohibits commercial use. All MTAs must be reviewed and signed by an ARS Technology Transfer Coordinator (TTC).