Poisonous Plant Research Products and Services

ISOPP 5

Toxic Plants and Other Natural Toxicants (1997)

Edited by: Tam Garland and A. Catherine Barr

Published by: CAB International, 1998, 585 pages, ISBN 0-85199-263-3

Chapters/Sections

I. Regional and Epidemiological Issues:

Recently Encountered Poisonous Plants of Rio Grande do Sul and Uruguay, page 1
Tribute to Dr. Wayne Binns (1911-1994), page 6
Genesis to Genesis: A Historic Perspective of Plant Toxicology, page 9
Poisonous Plant Names, page 13
A Tribute to Dr. James W. Dollahite, page 17
Locoweed Research to Reduce Poisoning on Western US Rangelands, page 19
Use of Native Insect to Deter Grazing and Prevent Poisoning in Livestock, page 23
Estimating Lethal Dose of Larkspur for Cattle, page 29
Control Technology Selection for Poisonous Plants with the EXSEL Expert System, page 35
Management and Edaphic Factors Related with the Incidence of Marsh Ragwort, page 40
Management, Environmental and Livestock Interactions Impact on Perennial Ryegrass/Neotyphodium/Livestock Associations, page 45
Development of an Immunoassay for Corynetoxins, page 49
[¹⁴C]Senecionine Production in Senecio vulgaris Root Culture, page 55

II. Cardiopulmonary System:

Hematological Changes in Sheep with Experimentally Produced Acute and Chronic Lupinosis, page 62
Atypical Pneumonia Associated with Ryegrass Staggers in Calves, page 69
Dissimilatory Metabolism by Ruminal Microbes: Impact on Ruminant Toxicoses, page 73
Yew (Taxus spp.) Poisoning in Domestic Animals, page 78
Pasture Mediated Acute Bovine Pulmonary Emphysema and Edema in British Columbia, page 81
A Study of Persin, the Mammary Cell Necrosis Agent from Avocado (Persea americana), and its Furan Derivative in Lactating Mice, page 86
Bioassay-directed Isolation of Active Principle from Lavendula stoechas, page 91
Analysis of Gossypol in Whole Cottonseed and Rumen Fluid by HPLC, page 97
The Excretion of Minerals from Broilers Fed Tannic Acid, Polyethylene Glycol and Protein, page 101
Influence of Tannic Acid on Amino Acid Digestibility in Broilers, page 106
Effect of Polyethylene Glycol on the the Chelation of Trace Elements by Tannins, page 111
The Use of Copper Boli for Cattle Grazing High-molybdenum Forage, page 115
A Newly Discovered Toxic Plant, Stemodia kingii, in Western Australia, page 120
Site and Sequence Selectivity of DNA Binding by Divalent Cadmium: Evidence for Inhibition of BPDE-induced DNA Lesions in the Major Groove but Not in the Biologically Relevant Minor Groove, page 125
Monitoring of Physiological and Pathological Changes in Turkey Poults Fed Leaves of Potentially Cardiomyotoxic Nerium oleander and Persea americana, page 131
Enzootic Geophagia and Hepatitis of Calves and the Possible Role of Manganese Poisoning, page 137
The Feeding of Lupin Grain Can Cause Rumen Acidosis and Rumenitis, page 143
Effects of Dietary Cottonseed Meal and Cottonseed Oil on Nutrient Digestibility and Rumen Protozoa, page 149
Detoxification Potential of a New Species of Ruminal Bacteria that Metabolize Nitrate and Naturally Occurring Nitrotoxins, page 154

III. Diagnostic/Treatment Issues:

Vitamin K1 Therapy of Ferula communis variety brevifolia Toxicosis in Sheep, page 159
Development of a Vaccine Against Annual Ryegrass Toxicity, page 165
Conditioned Food Aversions to Oxalic Acid in the Food Plants of Sheep and Goats, page 169
Fungi Microbiota and Oxalate Formation on Brachiaria brizantha and their Possible Toxic Effects on Calves Kept at Pasture without Supplementation of Calcium and Magnesium, page 174
Protective Effects of Cyclodextrins on Tunicaminyluracil Toxicity, page 179
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Detoxification by an Ovine Ruminal Consortium and its Use as a Ruminal Supplement in Cattle, page 185
A Comparison of a Nursing Rat Bioassay and an ELISA to Determine the Amount of Phomopsins in Lupin Stubbles, page 191
Towards a Commercial Vaccine Against Lupinosis, page 196
Long-term Effects of Acute or Chronic Poisoning by Tunicaminyluracil Toxins, page 201
Experimental Modification of Larkspur (Delphinium spp.). Toxicity, page 205
Treatment and Prevention of Livestock Poisoning: Where to from Here?, page 211
Toxicity and Diagnosis of Oleander (Nerium oleander) Poisoning in Livestock, page 215
Are there Toxic and Non-toxic Varieties of Eupatorium rugosum Houttuyn?, page 220
The Chemical Identification of Plant Toxins in Ingesta and Forage, page 223
Conditioned Food Aversion: A Management Tool to Prevent Livestock Poisoning, page 227
Development and Validation of a Multiresidue Alkaloid Screen, page 233
Tolerance in Cattle to Timber Milkvetch (Astragalus miser var. serotinus) due to Changes in Rumen Microbial Populations, page 239
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for Rapid Analysis of Toxic Compounds in Larkspurs and Milkvetches, page 243

IV. Miscellaneous Topics:

DNA Alkylation Properties of Dhydromonocrotaline: Sequence Selective N7 Guanine Alkylation and heat and Alkali-resistant Multiple Crosslinks, page 249
Acute and Chronic Toxicity Induced by Activated Ptaquiloside in Rats: Comparison of Pathogenesis due to Oral and Intravenous Administrations, page 255
Immunotoxic Effects of Selenium in Mammals, page 260
In vivo and in vitro Effects of L-Canavanine and L-Canaline, page 267
The Isolation of a Hepatotoxic Compound from Eupatorium adenophorum (Spreng) and Some Preliminary Studies on its Mode of Action, page 271
Glycosidase Inhibitors in British Plants as Causes of Livestock Disorders, page 276
The Immunologic and Toxic Effects of Chronic Locoweed (Astragalus lentiginosus) Intoxication in Cattle, page 285
Sawfly (Perreyia flavipes) Larval Poisoning of Cattle, Sheep and Swine, page 291

V. The Reproductive System and the Embryo:

Comparison of the Reproductive Effects of Baptisia australis, Iva annua and Sophora nuttalliana in Rats, page 297
Livestock Poisoning by Teratogenic and Hepatotoxic Range Plants, page 303
Pine Needle (Pinus ponderosa) and Broom Snakeweed (Gutierrezia spp.) Abortion in Livestock, page 307
Comparative Study of Prenatal and Postnatal Monocrotaline Effects in Rats, page 312
Embryotoxic Effect of Plumeria rubra, page 317
Evaluation of the Toxicity of Solanum malacoxylon During the Prenatal Period, page 323
Induction of Mammary Gland Carcinoma, Monocytosis and Type II Pneumonocyte Proliferation by Activated Ptaquiloside, page 329
Ingestion of Nitrate-containing Plants as a Possible Risk Factor for Congenital Hypothyroidism in Foals, page 334
Diterpene Acid Chemistry of Ponderosa Pine and Implications for Late-term Induced Abortions in Cattle, page 339
Toxic and Teratogenic Piperidine Alkaloids from Lupinus, Conium and Nicotiana Species, page 345
Toxic Amines and Alkaloids from Texas Acacias, page 351
A Urushiol Component Isolated from the Australian Native Cashew (Semecarpus australiensis), page 356

VI. Public Health and Herbal Medicine Concerns:

Plant Toxicology and Public Health: Critical Data Needs and Perspectives on Botanical (Herbal) Medicines, page 359
Public Health and Risk Assessment, page 363
Perspectives on Plant Toxicology and Public Health, page 367
Evaluation of the Occurrence of Algae of the Genus Prototheca in Cheese and Milk from Brazilian Dairy Herds, page 373
Shamans and Other Toxicologists: Current Approaches to the Discovery of New Pharmaceuticals in Traditional Herbal Medicines, page 377

VII. The Musculoskeletal and the Neurological System:

Morphologic Studies of Selenosis in Herbivores, page 380
Chronic Selenosis in Ruminants, page 389
Effects of Paxilline, Lolitrem B and Penitrem on Skeletal and Smooth Muscle Electromyographic Acitivity in Sheep, page 397
Tall Larkspur Poisoning in Cattle Grazing Mountain Rangeland, page 402
Krimpsiekte, a Paretic Condition of Small Stock Poisoned by Bufadienolide-containing Plants of the Crassulaceae in South Africa, page 407
A Toxicity Assessment of Phalaris coerulescens: Isolation of a New Oxindole, page 413
Two New Alkaloids of Conium maculatum, and Evidence for a Tautomeric Form for "γ"-Coniceine, page 419
Probable Interaction between Solanum eleagnifolium and Ivermectin in Horses, page 423
Ipomoea carnea: The Cause of a Lysosomal Storage Disease in Goats in Mozambique, page 428
Investigation of the Neurotoxic Compounds in Asclepias subverticillata, Western-whorled Milkweed, page 435
Isolation of Karwinol A from Coyotillo (Karwinskia humboldtiana) Fruits, page 440
The Toxicity of the Australian Cycad Bowenia serrulata to Cattle, page 447
Evaluation of the Toxic Effects of the Legumes of Mimosa (Albizia julibrissin) and Identification of the Toxicant, page 453

VIII. Mycotoxins and Mycotoxicoses:

The Development of Lupinosis in Weaner Sheep Grazed on Sandplain Lupins, page 459
Mycotoxin Contamination of Australian Pastures and Feedstuffs, page 464
Control of the Mycotoxic Hepatogenous Photosensitization, Facial Eczema, in New Zealand, page 469
Occurrence of Fusarium moniliforme and Fumonisins in Australian Maize in Relation to Animal Disease, page 474
Equine Leukoencephalomalacia in Brazil, page 479
Isolation of an Extract of Corallocytostroma ornicopreoides sp. nov., which Causes the Rumenitis Associated with Black Soil Blindness, page 483
Corallocytostroma ornicopreoides: A New Fungus Causing a Mycotoxicosis of Cattle Grazing Mitchell Grass Pastures in Australia, page 487
Ergotism and Feed Aversion in Poultry, page 493
Experimental Black Soil Blindness in Sheep, page 497

IX. Detoxification, Digestion and Elimination:

Transient Hepatotoxicity in Sheep Grazing Kochia scoparia, page 504
Calliandra calothyrsus Leaf Extracts Effects on Microbial Growth and Enzyme Activities, page 509
Chinaberry (Melia azedarach) Poisoning in Animals, page 514
The Purification and Isolation of Two Hepatotoxic Compounds from the Uruguay Sawfly Perreyia flavipes, page 517
Toxicity of Monocrotaline (Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid) to the Liver of Chicken Embryos, page 522
Experimental Poisoning in Rabbits Fed Senna occidentalis Seeds, page 527
Toxicity and Molecular Shape of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids, page 531
Molecular Interactions of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids with Critical Cellular Targets, page 537
Factors influencing Urinary Excretion of Immunoreactive Sporidesmin Metabolites in Sheep Dosed with Sporidesmin, page 543
Disease in Cattle Dosed Orally with Oak or Tannic Acid, page 549
Jatropha curcas Toxicity: Identification of Toxic Principle(s), page 554
Species Differences in Bioactivation and Detoxification of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids, page 559
Bog Asphodel (Narthecium ossifragum) Poisoning in Cattle, page 564
Livestock Poisoning by Baccharis coridifolia, page 569
Narthecium ossifragum Associated Nephrotoxicity in Ruminants, page 573